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Cinnamomum(Cinnamon)
cassia. |
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English
name: Cinnamon |
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Family:
Lauraceae |
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Part
used: Barks. |
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Traditional
uses :
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Cinnamon
is one of the oldest medicines, mentioned
in Chinese texts as long as 4000 years
ago and Ayurvedic practioners used cinnamon
to improve circulation and strenghten
a weakened constitution1. |
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Cinnamon
contains volatile oils (1–4%)
of cinnamaldehyde (60–80%), eugenol
(up to 10%) and trans-cinnamic acid
(5–10%); phenolic compounds (4–10%),
condensed tannins, catechins, proanthocyanidins,
monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes (pinene),
calcium-monoterpenes oxalate, gum, mucilage,
resin, starch, sugars and traces of
coumarin. |
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Cinnamomum
cassia has been reported to have an
anti diabetic2-5, antimicrobial6-7,
antibacterial8, antifungal9,
antitumour10, immunomodulatory11,
and anti-inflammatory activities12.
In addition, it is found to be effective
in the treatment of cancer13. |
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Blood
sugar management and weight management.
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References: |
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| 1. |
K. Toriizuka, Basic lecture
of Kampo medicine: pharmacological effect
of cinnamon, Kampo Med. |
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11 (1998) 431/ 436. |
| 2. |
Mang. B et al., Eur J
Clin Invest, 2006: 36 (5): PP 340-344. |
| 3. |
Alam
Khan et al., Diabetes Care, 2003: 26
(12): PP 3215-3218 |
| 4. |
Mahpara Safdar et al.,
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2004: 3
(5): PP 268-272. |
| 5. |
Sung
HK et al. J Ethanopharmacol. 2006; 104;
pp 119-123. |
| 6. |
Ooi LS and et al, “Antimicrobial
Activities of Cinnamon Oil and Cinnamaldehyde
from the Chinese |
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Medicinal Herb Cinnamomum
cassia Blume”, Am J Chin Med. 2006;
34(3):511-22. |
| 7. |
Mau J, and et al “Antimicrobial
effect of extracts from Chinese chive,
cinnamon, and corni |
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fructus.” J Agric Food Chem, 2001;
49(1):183-8. |
| 8. |
Lee HS and Ahn YJ, “Growth-Inhibiting
Effects of Cinnamomum cassia Bark-Derived
Materials on |
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Human Intestinal Bacteria”,
J Agric Food Chem., 1998 19;46(1):8-12. |
| 9. |
Giordani R,and et al, “
Potentiation of antifungal activity of
amphotericin B by |
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essential oil from Cinnamomum
cassia”, Phytother Res. 2006 Jan;20(1):58-61.
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| 10. |
Moon EY, and et al., “Delayed
occurrence of H-ras12V-induced hepatocellular
carcinoma with |
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long-term treatment with cinnamaldehydes”.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2006, 20;530(3):270-5. |
| 11. |
Koh WSand et al., “Cinnamaldehyde
inhibits lymphocyte proliferation and
modulates T-cell |
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differentiation”,
Int J Immunopharmacol.1998Nov; 20(11):643-60. |
| 12. |
Hong CH, “Evaluation
of natural products on inhibition of inducible
cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and |
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nitric oxide synthase
(iNOS) in cultured mouse macrophage cells”,
J Ethnopharmacol. 2002 Nov;83(1-2):153-9. |
| 13. |
Shan BE, and et al., “Stimulating
activity of Chinese medicinal herbs on
human lymphocytes in |
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vitro”, Int J Immunopharmacol.
1999; 21(3):149-59. |
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DOC
NO. |
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NR/QCD/SPC/136 |
| ISSUE
DATE |
: |
02-04-2007 |
| REVISION
NO. |
: |
00 |
| ANALYTICAL
SPECIFICATION |
NUMBER
OF PAGES |
: |
01 |
| TITLE
: CINNAMOMUM
CASSIA EXTRACT (³10%
TOTAL POLYPHENOLS) |
| Plant
part |
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Bark |
Fresh/Dry
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Dry |
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Sl. No. |
Tests |
Limits |
Protocol |
| 1. |
Description |
Reddish
brown to Dark brown powder. |
| 2. |
Identification
|
To
pass the test |
By HPLC |
| 3. |
Physico-chemical
analysis |
< 8.0 |
As per USP <921> Method II |
| Moisture
(%w/w) |
| Ash
content (%w/w) |
< 15.0 |
As per USP<561> |
| Acid
insoluble Ash (%w/w) |
< 5.0 |
| Total
soluble solids (%w/w) |
> 90.0 |
| pH
of 5% w/v solution |
4.0 - 7.0 |
As per USP<791> |
| 4. |
Particle
Size |
0.15 - 0.60 |
As per USP <616> Method -
I |
| Bulk
Density (g/cc) |
| Tapped
bulk density (g/cc) |
0.20 - 0.80 |
| Material passing through 30# BS/35 ASTM (%w/w) |
> 99.0 |
As
per USP <786> Particle Size
distribution. |
| 5. |
Heavy
metal analysis |
< 10 ppm |
AAS / ICP -ES |
| Lead |
| Arsenic |
< 2 ppm |
| Cadmium |
< 1 ppm |
| Mercury |
< 0.1 ppm |
| 6. |
Microbiological
analysis |
< 104 cfu g-1 |
As per WHO/PHARMA/92.559/Rev.1
Pg.49-52 / As
per USP <61> & <62> |
| As per FIP Guidelines
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| Total
Viable Aerobic Count |
| Total
Enterobacteriaceae |
< 102 org g-1 |
| Total
Fungal Count |
< 102 fs g-1 |
| 7. |
Test
for Specific Pathogen |
Absent |
| As per FIP Guidelines |
| E.coli (1g) |
| Salmonella
Sp.
(10g) |
Absent |
| S.aureus (1g) |
Absent |
| 8. |
Mycotoxin
analysis |
< 5 ppb |
As per USP |
| Aflatoxins
(B1 + B2 +
G1 + G2) |
| 9. |
Residual
solvent analysis |
< 3000 |
As per USP |
| As per ICH Guidelines |
| Methanol (ppm) |
| 10. |
Pesticide
residue analysis |
To comply with USP |
As per AOAC / USP |
| As per USP & BP
Limits |
| Organochlorine
Pesticides |
| Organophosphorus
Pesticides |
| Synthetic
pyrethroids |
| 11. |
Coumarin
content |
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| Coumarin content (ppm) |
< 100.0 |
By HPLC |
| 12. |
Bio-Assay |
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| a-amylase Inhibition IC50
(mcg/ml) |
< 100.0 |
[NR/BSY/SOP/004/002] |
| 13. |
Phytochemical
analysis |
³ 10.0 |
By Spectrophotometry |
| Total Polyphenols (%w/w) |
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