Syzygium cumini, Jamun, Myrtaceae

Syzygium cumini

English name: Jamun

Family: Myrtaceae

Part used: Bark, fruit, seed, leaf.

Traditional uses :

The seeds of Syzygium cumini are used by the Ayurvedic physicians (and also in Indian folklore) in the management of diabetes mellitus¹.

Phytochemistry²:

Syzygium cumini seeds consists of gallic and ellagic acid, corilagin and related ellagitannins, 3,6-hexahydroxydiphenoyl glucose and its isomer 4,6-hexahydroxydiphenoyl glucose,1-galloyl glucose, 3-galloylglucosequercetin, 3,3,4-tri-O-methylellagic, 3,4-di-O-methylellagic, caffeic, ferulic, guaiacol, resorcinol, dimethyl ether, veratrole, lignanglucoside, medioresinol 4-O-beta glucoside, (+)-pinoresinol-O-beta glucoside, (+)-syringaresinol-O-beta-glucoside.

Pharmacology:

Jamun has been reported to have hypoglycaemic^3-11 activity. It has also reported to have anti-inflammatory¹², antioxidant¹³, antibacterial¹⁴, gastroprotective ¹⁵ and hepatoprotective properties¹⁶.

Indication:

Blood sugar management.

References:


1.	P. Stanely et al., J of Ethanopharmacol. 2004: 91: pp 209-213.
2.	Sharma P.C et al, Database on medicinal plants used in Ayurveda.vol-3, Central council for
	research in ayurveda & siddha, New Delhi, 2001, pp-282.
3.	Sepaha GL and Bose SN. J Indian Med Assoc. 1956: 27: pp 388.
4.	Srivastava Y et al., Asian Med J. 1983: 26 (7): pp 489.
5.	Prince PS et al, J Ethnopharmacol. 1998 : 61(1) pp 1-7.
6.	Vikrant V et al, J Ethnopharmacol. 2001 : 76(2) pp 139-143.
7.	Grover JK et al, J Ethnopharmacol. 2000 : 73(3) pp 461-470.
8.	Kar A et al, J Ethnopharmacol. 2003 : 84(1) pp 105-108.
9.	Ravi K et al., J Med Food. 2004: 7(2):pp 187-191.
10.	Ravi K et al., Biol Trace Elem Res. 2004: 99(1-3):pp 145-155.
11.	Singh N, Indian J Exp Biol. 2007 Oct; 45(10):861-7.
12.	Muruganandan S, et al, Fitoterapia. 2001 May;72(4):369-75
13.	Bajpai M,et al, Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2005 Jun; 56(4):287-91.
14.	Shafi PM,et al, Fitoterapia. 2002 Aug;73(5):414-6.
15.	Ramirez RO and Roa CC Jr. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2003;29(3-4):253-61
16.	Moresco RN,et al, Phytother Res. 2007 Aug;21(8):793-5.

DOC NO.

NR/QCD/SPC/131

ISSUE DATE

02-04-2007

REVISION NO.

ANALYTICAL SPECIFICATION

NUMBER OF PAGES

TITLE : Syzygium cumini EXTRACT (³20.0% Total polyphenols)

Plant part	:	Seeds
Fresh/Dry	:	Dry

No.	Tests	Limits	Protocol
1.	Description	Brown to Dark brown powder
2.	Physico-chemical analysis	< 7.0	As per USP <921> Method III
	Loss on drying (%w/w)
	pH ( 5% w/v solution)	3.0 - 5.5	As per USP <791>
	Acid insoluble Ash (%w/w)	< 5.0	As per USP<561>
3.	Particle Size	0.20 - 0.80	As per USP <616> Method - I
	Bulk Density (g/cc)
	Tapped bi;l demsotu (g/cc)	0.25 - 0.90
	Material passing through 30# BS/35 ASTM (%w/w)	> 95.0	As per USP <786> Particle Size distribution.
4.	Heavy metal analysis	< 10 ppm	AAS / ICP -ES
	Lead
	Arsenic	< 2 ppm
	Cadmium	< 1 ppm
	Mercury	< 0.1 ppm
5.	Microbiological analysis	< 10⁴cfu g^-1	As per WHO/PHARMA/92.559/Rev.1 Pg.49-52
	As per FIP Guidelines
	Total Viable Aerobic Count
	Total Enterobacteriaceae	< 10²org g^-1
	Total Fungal Count	< 10²fs g^-1
6.	Test for Specific Pathogen
	As per FIP Guidelines
	E.coli (1g)	Absent
	Salmonella Sp. (10g)	Absent
	S.aureus (1g)	Absent
7.	Mycotoxin analysis	< 5 ppb	As per USP Test for Aflatoxins
	Aflatoxins (B₁ + B₂ + G₁ + G₂)
8.	Residual solvent analysis	< 3000 ppm	As per USP <467>
	As per ICH Guidelines
	Methanol
9.	Pesticide residue analysis	To comply with USP	As per AOAC / USP
	As per USP & BP Limits
	Organochlorine Pesticides
	Organophosphorus Pesticides
	Synthetic pyrethroids
10.	Phytochemical analysis	³ 2.0	By HPLC
	Ellagic acid (%w/w)
	Total polyphenols (%w/w)	³ 20.0	By spectrophotometry